On May 18 and 19, in conjunction with the International Economic Association (IEA), the Bank of Spain, and the United Nations Development Program…
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Environmental, social, and governance sustainability criteria in the investment of foreign reserves
In recent years, the practice of considering environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) factors in investment decision-making has…
The beef market in 2021
In 2021, the price of beef grew about 31% and, as of February 2022, has seen an additional growth of more than 4.0%. As can be seen from Graph 1,…
Population Aging and the Costs of the Pension System
Population aging poses a serious challenge to the Colombian pension system. Graph 1, taken from the document…
Internationalization and Colombia's Foreign Trade: Diagnostic Coincidences
The Internationalization Mission convened by the National Government with the participation of renowned international…
The effects of Part-Time Social Security Contributions on the Colombian Labor Market
In 2014, Decree 2616 introduced a change in regulation that lowered payroll taxes for low-income, part-time workers in Colombia. The reform made…