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It has been established from studies of the iconography and the goldwork manufacturing techniques of the Eastern Range that there were three different styles, which appear to relate to different areas of influence, miscellaneous use contexts, and possibly different eras in the development of the metallurgy industry.

The first of these styles, which is associated with objects from the central part of the range, has been given the name Nuclear Muisca. It refers to objects that were used by the leading lords and as offerings, and consists of votive figures, necklaces with geometric, zoomorphous and anthropomorphous shapes, appliqué work for textiles, bracelets, 'yopo' trays, and rectangular nose rings. Most of these objects were cast using the lost wax technique. Although some of the designs are geometric, the predominant theme was birds and the human figure, with 'coffee bean' shaped eyes and mouth.

The iconography of objects referred to as Complex Western, meanwhile, which come from the western and south western slopes of the range, is highly ornate, and influenced by the shapes and designs of people living in the Quimbaya and Tolima region. These are anthropomorphous objects with half-closed eyes and elaborate headdresses with spirals, conical and trunk-conical ear ring pendants, and heart-shaped breastplates.

Finally, the third style, which has been given the name Simple Hammered, relates to simpler objects found in the Santander region that were made using the hammering technique. These are nose rings, ring-shaped ear rings, or half-moon and circular pendants and breastplates.


Muisca and the Gold Museum Exhibition

Chieftains, Priests, Captains and Criers

Religious Life and Offerings

Eldorado Raft

The Three Goldwork Styles

 
 
 

 

 
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